Waiting for news, I made some investigations on my own.
The failure of building was due to available disk space.
This available disk space to install tools and source code and build is more than 60 Gib which but less than 100 Gib.
It is much more than the 40-50 Gib announced on the forum (http://redmine.replicant.us/boards/15/topics/6477). I already clarified this point on this subject.
Creation of some links (http://redmine.replicant.us/projects/replicant/wiki/BuildDependenciesInstallation) has perhaps solved a part of the issue.
Another correction should be done into "installing the image' part of http://redmine.replicant.us/projects/replicant/wiki/GalaxyS3I9300Installation :
the correct command to launch should be "sudo heimdall flash --BOOT boot.img --RECOVERY recovery.img --SYSTEM system.img --USERDATA userdata.img" more than "sudo heimdall flash --BOOT recovery.img --RECOVERY recovery.img".
The last one (which is actually the one given into the wiki page) creates an excessively slow system.
Then, once restarted the phone under CWM (v6.0.3.6) recovery mode, I printed the log. Here is the ourput:
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CWM-based Recovery v6.0.3.6
Warning: No file_contexts
dalvik.vm.stack-trace-file=/data/anr/traces.txt
init.svc.ueventd=running
init.svc.recovery=running
adb.recovery=1
init.svc.adbd=running
service.Adb.root=1
I:Checking for extendedcommand...
I:Skipping execution of extendedcommand, file not found...
I:Can't partition non-vfat: datamedia
I:Can't partition non-vfat: auto
I:Can't format unknown volume: /emmc
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I builded a new version of replicant because of another issue : http://redmine.replicant.us/boards/9/topics/13191
Perhaps is it linked...